Ethical Reasoning Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethical Reasoning Final - Essay ExampleIn conclusion, this author asserts that homosexual sex is non morally evil but is morally good.Corvino submission has, however, not gone unparalleled by opponents who feel that homosexuality is immoral. Obasola, Kehinde E., a professor in the Department of spectral Studies Olabisi Onabanjo University addresses this debate in his article titled Ethical Perspective Of Homosexuality Among The African People. His main wrinkle against this practice is the abnormality that accompanies the act. For instance, human sexual bodies are developed for reproduction. Therefore, homosexuality is an acquired trait rather than innate. It is a distortion to the biological and psychological components of the body. This among several other reasons makes it to be morally unacceptable.In my forthcoming turn out on this debate, I hold the opinion that opposes Corvinos argument in favor of homosexuality. His arguing on the basis definition of unnatural does not hold water in so far as morality is concerned. Homosexuality is unnatural, and defies the sanctity of marriage, a natural institution designed for reproduction. It is therefore immoral.Corvino asserts that attributing homosexuality as unnatural stems from five basic interpretations of what is unnatural. In the very beginning, he objects the very idea of what is natural and its word sense or likeableness in society. For instance, many lifestyle choices (housing, government, medicine, and even clothing) that are cherished by people at large are unnatural. On the other hand, some natural things are completely detested by society, such as, death, disease, and suffering. Subtly regarding unnaturalness as rhetorical flourish, Corvino challenges the very foundation of opposition (309). Corvino elaborates five different achievable meanings of unnaturalness by

Inter Industry and Intra Industry Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Inter Industry and Intra Industry Trade - Essay congressmanon, and mo goods to countries they lack their own production, or where products slew be manufactured with poor cost-effectiveness, owing to agentive role scarcity, intensively used for goods production. Under such(prenominal) circumstances, a country does not generally export and import the same product type. Inter-industry trade is in direct contrast to intra-industry trade that is a result of rickety competition between nations having identical figure endowments (Falvey and Kierkowski, 1987, 143-161). Examples of intra-industry trade include technology, beverages, minerals and automobiles. As per the definitions provided by OECD, intra-industry trade can be viewed through intra-industry trade measurements a) Trade in similar products (horizontal trade) with differentiated varieties (e.g. cars of a similar class and price range) b) Trade in vertically differentiated products distinguished by whole tone and price (e.g. exports of high-quality clothing and imports of lower-quality clothing) (OECD, Glossary of Statistical terms, 2007). There are two different forms of intra-industry trade flat intra-industry trade this comprises of simultaneous imports and exports of products categorised indoors an identical industry, and at an identical processing stage, therefore, ground generally on product differentiation, as for example, Koreas export and import of cellular phones at the same time, at a same processing stage (Grubel, and Lloyd, 1975). Vertical intra-industry trade This comprises of imports and exports of products at the same time within the same industry sector, but at a different processing phase. It is based on a growing ability to arrange for production fragmentation into various stages, each occurring at different dumbfounds, and pickings advantage... This report approves that countries export products where factors can be intensively used for goods production, and import goods to cou ntries they lack their own production, or where products can be manufactured with poor cost-effectiveness, owing to factor scarcity, intensively used for goods production. Under such circumstances, a country does not generally export and import the same product type. Inter-industry trade is in direct contrast to intra-industry trade that is a result of imperfect competition between nations having identical factor endowments.This report makes a conclusion that currently under increased instances of globalisation, intra-industry trade has turned into an essential originate of global macro-economic activities, which is beneficial as regards bringing in stability at a macro-economic level, increasing the total of products of the same type within the market giving a consumer more choices and advocating innovation. This trade is primarily based on the advantage where it allows consumers to have at their disposal a larger range of products at cheaper rates, go allowing producers to acqu ire economies of scale in goods manufacture by giving them an access to a wider global market. With an boilers suit rise in output, fixed costs are disseminated over a wide range of units, therefrom decreasing the corporations average production cost. Therefore, despite various debates on its rightful place within the realms of economic theories, intra-industry trade occupies an important position within the realms of modern international trade.

Womens Suffrage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Womens Suffrage - Research make-up ExampleA series of activities followed the enlightening, which had been presented by the publication of this book. People began advocating for the cost rights among women and menThe origin of the women voting front mans could be traced in France during the French revolution, where Olympe de Gouges and Nicolas de Condorcet were involved in advocating for women suffrage during the national elections. This movement began spreading crosswise continents and regions and almost all societies experienced such movements advocating for equality. These movements continued to become popular among different regions and they were increasingly utilize to advocate for other rights. Various debates arose deep down the regions focusing of the need to provide women with the right to vote.During the early nineteenth century, there was an increasing debate on women suffrage which resulted in a rule calling for women suffrage. The convention was conducted in 1848 in America, and it challenged America to revolutionise the complaisant system in all aspects of life. Proponents of women suffrage believed that, suffrage was the most effective approach for changing the unjust system which failed to offer women the right to vote (Nardo, 2014). Since the movement began, some progress was made and women were accorded many freedoms which they lacked. These included education opportunities, property rights, and many other social freedoms. Although these were achieved through advocating for equal rights, the right to vote still remained elusive to the supporters of suffrage.The granting of the rights to vote remained limited to certain states within the United States of America. By the turn of the 19th century only four states had granted women the right to vote. The organizations which were advocating to equal rights remains focused on other forms of freedoms including the broad economic and political freedoms for social change (Buhle & Buhle, 2005). The

Studying and analyzing how General Electric applied Quality Management Research Paper

Studying and analyzing how General Electric applied prime(prenominal) Management (QM) - Research Paper ExampleQuality improvement embraces the notion that there should be a relentless, continual pursuit of excellence so as to eliminate sources of waste, inefficiencies, rework, or errors (Kuballa 2006, p.6). The core values of calibre improvement encompass customer focus, systems review, data driven focus, involvement of all stakeholders, continual improvement, and process optimisation (Cheng 2008, p.182). Quality management subscribes to principles such as customer focus, leadership, process approach, involvement of the people, continual improvement, fact establish approach to decision making, and mutually beneficial stakeholder relationships (Hill and Jones 2010, p.5). The paper explores the influence of quality improvement and performance in organizations and to investigate the link between quality improvement practices and organizational performance. Quality Gurus Edwards Deming Deming is renowned for developing a system of statistical quality control. Deming asserted that most of the problems that confront management are systematic. His philosophy centers on advocating that quality must be integrate into the product at all stages so as to distinguish a high level of excellence. Deming argued that enhanced quality results to increased productivity, which in turn, enhances lasting competitive strength. Deming in integratedd what he called as the Deming Chain reaction and outlined fourteen points of the system at diverse levels. As quality is enhanced, costs reduce, while productivity increases resulting to enhanced market share and long term corporate survival. Demings theories include theory of optimization, theory of variation, theory of knowledge, and theory of Psychology. Joseph Juran Juran defines quality as fitness for make use of encompassing aspects such as design, conformance, availability, safety, and field use. Juran incorporated managerial di mensions of planning, organizing, and controlling directed at attaining quality. Juran advocated decade steps directed at quality improvement. Philip Crosby Crosby stresses motivation and planning as key components in change the quality. However, he shied away from endorsing statistical process control and problem techniques that Deming and Juran advocated. Crosby proposed fourteen points critical to effective, quality practices that companies good deal adopt. Crosby asserted that quality is free since the minimal cost of prevention is comparatively lower compared to cost of detection, study and failure. Armand Feigenbaum Armand Feigenbaum incorporated a Total Quality Control approach in which he defined as an effective system essential to integrating the quality development, maintenance, and improvement efforts of diverse groups in organizations geared towards modify the production and service within economical levels. This facilitates customer satisfaction. Kaoru Ishikawa Japa nese companies structured their own approach to TQM by Ishikawa, which was based on the literature of Deming and Juran. The new approach to quality was fashioned to suit their culture and run environment together with

News media Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

News media - Research Paper ExampleThe principle of this article was to make give the axe to the unexclusive some the dangers of meat product consumption. In addition, it would arouse the political science to introduce activities that could tame unprincipled meat packagers and processors. In this sense, this article is intended for responsible entities such as the USDA. It is also projected to the public and institutions such as public schools. For the public, it is vital that they assess the credibility of restaurants and retail houses. On the other hand, the government should attain information about the potent of the current food industry for respective reactions.This is a NY time piece that was published in the month of October and in the 2009. New York Times is an approved entity that specializes in sundry(a) kinds of informative articles. They range from investigative reports to reactionary opinions. According to New York Times, Moss is a Pulitzer winning journalist that has been specializing in investigative and informative pieces. In this sense, his pieces would be mostly objective and vent oriented. Mr. Moss has a high direct of credibility since he specializes in food industry. His Pulitzer price was based on the E.Coli computer virus report about Stephanies situation.Since 1994, the government banned grocers and meat companies from holler out that carries the virulent strain of E.Coli (Moss 1). The scientific name of the virus relates to 0157H7. It came into public focus in 1994 because of an outbreak which resulted into the deaths of four children. In spite of its age since the 1994 scare, many individuals equable sicken of this deadly pathogen.In spite of Ms. Smiths extreme reaction to E.coli strain, it is discernible that the schema was lousy in its meat safety procedures (Moss 1). This is exemplified in the trace of her infection through corporate records and interviews. This makes beef consumption a dangerous

Ethics In Information Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethics In Information Technology - Research Paper Examplethe gracious embryos. In addition, this is beca rehearse of goods and services embryos have status as divine creations and being capability persons. Moreover, taking a blastodermic vessicle and removing the nuclei to obtain an embryonic bowknot cadre is equivalent to murder (Singer 45-97). Thus, I believe that furtherance of foundation cell research would lead to a much greater potential harm, a lack of compliments for all religious and cultural beliefs who believes that life begins at conception and are against abortion. This is in contravention to computing machine ethics that advocate for respect for societal values in the use of computer technology. Moreover, it leads to use of computers to remove and harm other people, which is in contravention to the computer ethics. There are also ethical issues relating to use or applications of stem cells. This is because there should be respect for the donor who donated the stem cell in each future use and application of it. This should entail giving of informed consent, and respect for privacy and cloak-and-daggerity of personal data. In addition, I am of the opinion that precautionary measures and ethical considerations should be considered in stem cell banks. This is because of the confidential and personal data involved and any bleach would leakage of such information would subject the donors to undue exposure and persecution by opponents of stem cell research. Thus, these banks should be protected against computer hackers break-ins. Consequently, measures should be taken to conserve and preserve the identity of both the donor and the recipient in stem cell research and use (Kristina andGoran 232). This is in line with computer ethics, which requires that advocate for the maintenance of confidentiality of... Today, ethical standards may be categorized into right of first publication and intellectual property, Netiquette, and the general day-to- day ethics and have been summarized into the Ten Commandments for computer ethics by information processing system Ethics Institute. In the current age of information technology, computers have been applied in varied disciplines including medicinal drug in the field of embryonic stem cell research. Stem cell research has been the most rummy latest advances. There have been a great debate relating to the ethical perspective of carrying out the stem cell research. There are several possible sources for stem cells, the utilization of human embryos as a source for stem cells has been the focus of strong moral dispute. In this research paper, I will adjudicate to explore the ethical issues relating to stem cell research relating to computer usage stating my standing. There has been an immense bulk of scientific concern recently created by research on human stem cells. The cloned embryo would indeed be used as a source of stem cells, which would be a genetic jeer for that donor. Th is procedure is intended to counter the problem of rejection immune system. In conclusion, whether destructive embryonic stem cell research is ethical or not depend on choices available, and how their specific advantages and weakness balance out. This instrument that ethical position is a substance of considering the danger of further eroding the respect due to potential life against the possible, therapeutic benefits that are hoped for from such research.

BUSINESS LAW ( REPORT ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

BUSINESS LAW ( radical ) - Essay ExampleEven in America itself, it is not possible for a company to business office with a unique law in to different states. In other words, companies need to function with valuate to the laws prevailing in the location where they operate.Separate legal aboutbodyality and curb liability atomic number 18 both common terms associated with company law. Wiss (2010) describes separate legal personality as an in somaticd company, united or combined into an organised body having rights and liabilities. In her opinion a company is a fictitious person who can enter into contracts, own property and even commit crimes. At the same time when a private company limited by shares, the creditors deal with the company, not with the individuals and it can be termed as a limited liability company. In such cases, if the company become bankrupt, the creditors or the investors do not feel paid regardless of the personal financial capabilities of its memebrs (Wiss 2 010). Separate legal personality and limited liability are two advantages of corporate status. But under certain circumstances these advantages ordain become invalid and this write up briefly explains such circumstances in which separate legal personality and limited liability will become invalid.It is not possible for a company to take undue advantages in the name of limited liability or separate legal personality. Corporate law has mainly identified seven instances in which the corporate veil (law that protect the members or founders of a company in case a task arises) can be lifted fraud, agency, trust, group enterprise, tort enemy character, tax (Sadhu, n. d)Richard Wachman (2005) has mentioned that fraud is costing British business 72 billion a year, 6% of the annual revenue of British businesses (Wachman, 2005). The recent corporate scandals involving Enron, WorldCom, Parmalat and Refco, have not taught any lessons to the authorities or the investors. Fraud can attain many forms some companies may overstate their profits, some

Worker compensation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Worker compensation - Essay Examplend the companies with limited affair platform to be better, and for these reason insurance companies normally lower the business charmers compensation premiums for such companies. Placing the wound employees into modified work programme makes the employees to realize that time off of work is a rare event, and non a paid vacation. This move in consequence discourages the employees dishonestly requesting for paid vacations. Another advantage of implementing modified duty programme is that the employees will work within their ability, thus helping the smart set to getting creative work its employees the modified duty programme also makes the employees to return to their regular jobs faster. Modified duty programme also allows the employees to easily get into their normal routine, thus preventing the employees from beingness overwhelmed with work. This programme also makes the employees to feel beta and appreciated by the Company for which they work. The employees under the modified work programme are paid by the Company and they are allowed to resume their work earlier. Modified duty programme also helps Companies to maintain a well-informed workforce, which of big advantage to the Company.An effective light/modified duty programme gives a precise description of each work through in the work place. Since supervisors and managers are aware of the work being done within a business organization, they can make a list of all work done in the business organization. There is need for uniformity on the format for how everything is written vanquish and described in the Company. With this kind of information, employees can easily find jobs that suit injured employees. Bearing in mind the common workplace injuries, the employees can plan beforehand on what kinds of jobs can be done with the employees with certain injuries. There is need for effective communication between the medical providers and the Company in which the Company informs the medical providers of the kind

The Concept of Non-being and Being Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Concept of Non-being and Being - strain ExampleLaozi was born in the Chu, in the Zhou dynasty and was the curator of the royal archives at the tourist court of Zhou. He founded and taught Daoism. He is reputed to have been commended by Confucius and consulted by him on the rites. On the occasion of Laozis leaving from China, he was supposedly requested by Yin Xi, the official in charge of the border pass, to write mountain his teachings. This resulted in a book of about five thousand Chinese characters, divided into two parts, discussing the convey of the Dao and Virtue. The debate continues as to whether Laozi was a legend and whether the Daodejing is the work of a single writer, or a accumulation of texts, compiled by several authors. However, the date of the Laozi is generally acknowledged to be the fourth century B.C. E. (Shan. Stanford Encyclopedia).The word Dao Way. everywhere the years, Dao has come to designate natural laws and principles. Laozi advocated the Dao a s the origin of all things and as the ultimate reality. The Laozi deals with the Dao, how it finds expression in virtue (de), through the practice of naturalness (guan) and non-action. The four great categories of existence are man, the earth, heaven and the Dao, which are interrelated. The underlying, basic tenet of Daoism is that all things originate from the Dao and then return to the Dao. All things are structurally conventional of opposites such as good/evil beauty/ugliness tranquility/agitation. The concept of virtue, or de in Daoism, connotes the spontaneous creative capacity inside all things (Shen. 358), which leads everything back to the Dao. Virtue is the inherent day in all things after they come into being. Human beings can attain the supreme virtue through the effort.

What is security Why network security is important Coursework

What is protective cover Why entanglement security is important - Coursework ExampleAlthough there ar thousands of definition available on the Internet related to to security.The definition available on www.businessdictionary.com covers the basics and states it as Prevention of and protection against assault, damage, fire, fraud, invasion of privacy, theft, unlawful entry, and different such occurrences ca rehearsed by deliberate action. In the context of lucre security definition, it consists of concerns related to network communication privacy, confidentiality of data over the network, admission priceing unauthorized classified data, access to prohibited network domains and utilizing Internet for hidden communication (Network Security. 2007) It is the twentieth century where improved communication technologies are inventing one after another. Internet has rick a powerful and interactive carrier providing extensive activities and web services. Organizations expand their r esources with the help of Internet. Websites are created, for selective informational purposes, advertisement, online obtain etc. In the modernized countries, Internet is utilized for education, electronic shopping, blogs, social networking and information. Even today, where every applied science interrelated to Information technology involves the dot com phenomenon Internet is relatively an evolving field which is persistently changing. The widespread use of figure technology has facilitated small, medium and corporate organizations to achieve goals in an efficient way. The revolution of Information engine room has created new trends of doing business and communication. Moreover, the technology has provided a new approach of operating businesses during the past several years, and continues to provide many benefits as it spreads all over the globe. However, with its widespread adoption, threats and vulnerabilities are also rising. Organizations spent enormous capital to secure their data and network environment. Moreover, hardware security modules comprisen into consideration for securing highly classified data. However, these modules assume frequent updates for virus definitions and new threats, which may affect the network anytime. Every now and then, new threats are designed and developed by hackers or cyber criminals. In spite of securing the networks and data centers, with the most updated and advanced security modules, there is still a probability of a new threat to intrude into the network. In addition, hackers and cyber criminals are exploring efficient codes day by day to improve the hacking software, in order to breach in to classified information, banks, online websites etc. As the threats and vulnerabilities are infinite, no one can memorize them in order to take a measured approach, the initial step is to identify the vulnerability type. An organization named as CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposure) provides a database to seem for a p articular public known vulnerability. The sponsors for CVE are US-CERT and managed by MITRE Corporation. The goal is to provide viridity names for all publicly known security threats and exposures. In order to extract information from CVE, access of National Vulnerability Database is mandatory (NVD) (Cve. 2011). Why Network Security is Important This is an era of digital connectivity on with digitized attack of hackers, cyber criminals, electronic eaves dropping and online fraud. Moreover, there is no room for risk and threats in a computing network where thousands of online transactions are in process. The volatile expansion of computer systems and the interconnectivity of these devices via a network get significantly amplified the dependence of organizations on the information systems. Moreover, due to vast dependency of organization on information systems, security and protection of these systems has become a mandatory factor. Furthermore, by considering these factors, the net work security is triggered, in term of protecting data and resources from revelation to ensure the authenticity of digital transmission. The functionality of the network depends on the

Network Architectures and Operating System implications within Well Essay

Network Architectures and Operating System implications within intumesce People NHS curse - Essay ExampleComputers are dominant tools that assist users to store and carry out functions on vast amounts of data swiftly. Networks are basically a collection of computers linked by cable or different media as a result they can contribute to information and resources with each other (Nash, 2000). This research presents the compendium of the network architectures and operating system implications within tumefy People NHS Trust. This research presents a detailed analysis of the implementation of the network technology for the establishment of the communication and data transfer facility among distant WP hospitals and component part of the Well People NHS Trust (WP).The implementation of new technology in this era has completely alter the way of communication and information treatment. At the present time, we have reform ways of business handling and management. This research is about the incorporation of the network, state-of-the-art communication and communication technology into the health and public public assistance sector. This report will streamline the implementation of the databases, communication, network and computer based management technology for the Well People NHS Trust.This project is initiated by the Well People NHS Trust (WP) that runs the business of the supplying of healthcare to a large population who live in a geographical area of some 60 public square miles. The Well People NHS Trust is basically the main provider of the health care facilities in the area. The Well People NHS Trust has responsibility of two hospitals and twelve doctors surgeries. Each surgery is staffed by several GPs together with other healthcare specialists.Well People NHS Trust has initiated this project for the establishment of the better facilities of the healthcare and treatment of people in the area. This project is aimed at providing a collaborative working mil ieu to the public health. This will also help for the

MALARIA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MALARIA - Research Paper ExampleThe illness was first effectively managed from the early 17th snow following the understanding of Quinine by Jesuit Priests through their interaction with indigenous tribes of the New World.The cause of the disease remained unknown until 1880. That year Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, a French army surgeon, became the first person to propose that the disease was caused by organisms he had observed in malaria-infected blood. Further discoveries over the course of the Century yielded that the disease were caused by plasmodium species and was spread by mosquitoes. During that period, other antimalarial treatments were discovered.From the 1960s onwards, there were global eradication efforts conducted mainly through outdoor and indoor spraying of insecticides by DDT and other insecticides to control mosquitoes and other pests. However, this had detrimental effect on the environment primarily on the climate and on local fauna and increased opposition f rom insecticides by mosquitoes. In 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 1.2 billion people are at spicy risk of malaria. They also estimated that from 198 million malaria cases worldwide, the disease caused an estimated 584,000 deaths with Ninety percent of the deaths occurring in Africa (World Health Organization, 2014).Malaria in domain is caused by four Protozoan species Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium falciparum. Of the four species, the most green forms are P. vivax and P. falciparum with P. falciparum being the most deadly. P. falciparum contributes to 75% of reported cases and deaths and P. vivax around 20%. P. knowlesi causes malaria in primates.An infected feminine Anopheles mosquito is the primary host for the disease. On fertilization, female mosquitoes feed on blood to support crank development. By feeding on an infected person, the secondary host, the female mosquito is

Consumer Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Consumer Behavior - move ExampleTo succeed, or simply to survive, companies need a new philosophy. To win in todays commercialise place, companies moldiness be customer centred - they must deliver superior value to their send customers. The study of Consumer Behaviour helps the tradeers to study their target customers and what influences their buying decisions.Consumer Behaviour can thus be defined as, The study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they manipulation to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.On the basis of the factors that influence consumers buying behaviour, the companies can tailor their selling programmes to the needs, and wants of narrowly defined geographic, demographic, psychographic, or behaviour segments. The ultimate form of target marketing is the customized marketing in which the company adapts its pro ducts and marketing programmes to the needs of a specific customer or buying organization.There are three study steps in target marketing. The first is the market segmentation, where the vender divides his market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, characteristics or behaviour, who might require separate products or marketing mixes. The second step is the market targeting - evaluating each market segments attractiveness and selecting one or more market segments to enter. The third step is market positioning- setting the competitive positioning for the product and creating a detailed marketing mix. To have effect target marketing it is important to consumer behaviour and the factors which affect it . Characteristics Affecting Buyers Behaviour The major factors which influence the consumer behaviour are 1. Cultural Factors - Culture, Sub gardening, Social class2. Social Factors - Reference groups, Family, Roles and Status.3. personal Factors - Age and lifecycle sta ge, Occupation, Economic situation, Lifestyle, Personality and self concept.4. Psychological Factors - Motivation, Perception, Learning, Beliefs and Attitudes.1. Cultural Factors These exert the broadest and deepest influence on consumer behaviour. The marketer needs to understand the role played by the buyers culture, subculture and social class.Culture The child growing up in a society learns a basic set of values, perceptions, preferences and behaviours from the family and other important institutions. This forms his culture. Subculture Each culture contains smaller subcultures, or groups of people with component partd value systems based on common life experiences and situations. Subcultures allow nationalities, religions, racial groups and geographic regions. Social Class Social classes are societys relatively permanent and ordered divisions whose members share similar values, interests, and behaviours. It is not not determined by a single factor, such as income, just no w is measured as a combination of occupation, income, education, wealth, and other variables.2. Social Factors A consumers behaviour is also influenced by social factors, such as the consumers reference group, family, and social roles and status.Reference groups A persons behaviour is influenced by legion(predicate) small groups. Some are primary groups with whom there is regular but informal interaction-

Summary and Analysis Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary and Analysis Assignment - Essay Example bastard existed of color boots and what intensified its appeal was because the pay gathered from such activities would support Dick and his companion Fosdick quite a while. Dick is a persevering individual without formal instruction and energetic just about knowing how to define pen and paper in journey for information. Algers work outlines how Dick rejected Fosdick to pay their rent because he was his casual instructor and did not need to pay rent (Wendy Glenn 5).Algers works have fro long exhibit that anyone could be rich whenever without notice and timing. The stream of occasions in the origin of Alger depicts the ability he holds in assembling extraordinary bits of work. It was amid their visit to Brooklyn on a ship that his fortune struck him without cautioning. Alger is most liable(predicate) a swimmer because he knows the amount individuals fear of the profound water, and takes us through the story to the closures of the ma ritime (Wendy Glenn 7). It is doubtless that Dick turns out a legend. Going with Dick was Fosdick, who remained tongue-tied from the exercises that carried on for the most particular time of ones life.Algers dialect utilization is full of symbolism. This dialect style effectively expressed the idea about what went ahead in Dicks brain just before hopping into the water. The occasions that transpired are all fixated on Dick and the unbosom mission. The occasions now are the peak of the story and serves as a defining wink too for the life of Dick. Dick had never utilized swimming for any great following the time. However, this was his hap and in the midst of the amazement of all viewing he figured out how to force it complete well.Numerous reasons would have been a response to the inquiry why Dick chose to take the hazard of hopping. Alger puts the reasons unmistakably, as if he was Dick himself. In a way recommending, he was assembling an individual background story. The salvage was pegged on prizes, attractive

Econ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Econ - Essay ExampleThe IMF was conceived in 1944 when representatives of 45 countries met at Bretton Woods, USA and agreed on the framework of IMF which came into formal existence in December 1945 (after World struggle II) with 29 members. The member countries agreed that the value of the US$ follow the gold prices and that the other member currencies be pegged to the US$ with some room allowed for corrections (but with the agreement of the IMF). This par value system was also cognise as the Bretton Woods system. In the 1960s, the US$ was seen as overvalued. As the US government started spending to a greater extent especially due to the Vietnam War, the overvaluation of the US$ became even more of a burden for the US. Thus, in howling(a) 1971, then US President Richard Nixon announced that the US would temporarily suspend the US$ pegging to Gold. This led to a breakdown of the system and by March 1973, the major currencies were no longer pegged to the US$ and began to float again st for each one other. Subsequently, the IMF has assumed the role of maintaining the stability and preventing crisis in the international monetary system.

Discuss the difference between leadership and management in nursing an Essay

Discuss the difference between leadership and management in nursing an prioritizing and managing client explosive charge - Essay Examplets essence involves gathering people from different domains and propel them to achieve organizational goals through knowledge sharing and expertise. Specifically, a leader is one who lends a fortune hand to those who argon not able to realize their potential and go for their aims. In nursing, while the round nurse is the leader to ledger entry level nurses, the latter are leaders to ultimate clients.Management books on a more individualized form when nursing is talked of. This is so beca practise in nursing, client care is to be accomplished which is the duty of every single nurse and as such, nurses are required to have the competencies of epoch management, communication skills and other management skills of planning, organizing and others. In this essence, management in nursing involves judicious and critical use of scare resources optimally for the benefit of the client and the organization.Leadership and management are used synonymously most(prenominal) of the times. However, the two carry different meanings in nursing parlance. In terms of client care management, entry level nurses are equipped with expertise, experience and knowledge which provide guidelines for them to act as client care managers. On the other hand, awareness of organizational policies, protocols and regulations encourage in them the personality of a leader whereby they are able to direct their followers and align their individual goals with that of organizational goals.During entry level, nurses are required to take care of the clients directly through observations and careful usage of the available resources. They have to manage the aspects if time, shifts, materials, supervision and service for clients which are not commanded as in case of passive nursing (Richardson et al. 2007). Thus, they act in the authority of decision makers for cost eff ective use of resources without ruleing overburdened and not letting the client feel unobserved. This demonstrates the management skills adopted by nurses in delivering

Integrating Internet-based mathematical manipulatives within Essay Example for Free

Integrating Internet- found mathematicsematical manipulatives in spite of appearance EssayIntegrating Internet-based Mathematical Manipulatives Within a Learning Environment The article explores the development, use and splendor of digital manipulatives in a mathematics classroom. These manipulatives be believed to be more versatile, economic and efficient than any the manufactured or teacher-created concrete objects traditionally used in the classroom. Manipulatives have been used from time gray and have provided tangible mental picture of abstract mathematical concepts.The digitalization of these manipulatives is an important progress in this process. However, the presumption that the article makes closely the efficacy of manipulatives in teaching children along with the supposed teaching dominance of the manipulatives is tentative and smells of commercial publicity. There ar several advantages that manipulatives are purported to provide. They concretize theoretical i deas, make the story concrete, build confidence in the learner, help solve problems and make the scholarship experience arouse.What the newspaper publisher presupposes is that exactly the using of digital manipulatives is sufficient to bring each of these advantages. This is not supported by evidence. Let us consider the claim that manipulatives build confidence, if a section of the students is less familiar with web based technology than other students in the class, they are likely to lose confidence-using manipulatives. This may adversely affect their learning of math concepts and unnecessarily handicap them. The paper places some conditions that must be fulfilled to realize the full emf of manipulatives.For instance the parents must experience the system, manipulatives should be used for writing assignment, teacher pronounces the benefits to the students, ground rules are conventional and students are encouraged to explore more material on the web. If manipulatives are use d as decreed they can improve the arrangement of more complex and more advanced math theories. These conditions are impractical. What happens if the parents are unfamiliar with the web? Does it put their children at a disadvantage?A teacher pronounces the benefits of manipulatives to children. This is a stalk man. If a teacher uses manipulatives she automatically supports the method, there is no need to sermonize it. A child world encouraged to explore more material on the web is an issue that is not related in a flash to manipulatives. This opens up a host of debatable issues including the exposure of children to unsuitable material. digital manipulatives can be downloaded and installed on school computers or distributed to children on CDs to be viewed in their homes.The issue of encouraging children to explore the web is not directly related to manipulatives. Further there is no teacher to guide the children in case of glitches. know what the book of instructions of a manip ulative say. (Public send Service, 2006). Familiarize yourself with the rules of this fraction game and have fun creating loll designs with the designated fractions. You can choose to paint by half, quarters, and combinations of quarters and halves and then the program will pick colour for you to paint your design by clicking in the flag.One drawback is that there is no help provided if the fraction portions are incorrect, you can only advance if you have painted to correct fractions. A research that comprised of a persuasion tested the proficiency development potential of manipulatives in math teaching. The basics tested in the discipline were motivation, unique instructional capabilities, and support for new instructional approaches, increased teacher productivity and skills for an information age. football team teachers were surveyed using a five-point scale.The results were mixed. The results showed that the teachers felt that the use of digital manipulatives had a high pos itive impact on motivation, that the digital manipulatives had exceptional instructional capabilities, that the web based manipulatives supported new instructional approaches and that the web based manipulatives provided excellent training for an information age. What the teachers did not agree was that the web-based technology increased their productivity.In addition, the teacher showed taste about some issues like their inability to track the progress of the student, tricky web sites, ambiguous instructions and lack of direct feedback. This research is not valid. It does not clarify which constructs it attempts to measure. It does not provide the process by which it selected the five variables. In addition, the sample size of eleven teachers is too small to reach any meaning(prenominal) determination. Again, the study does not mention basis or the criteria for the selection of the eleven teachers.The study does not give us the details of how the survey scale was constructed. W as there a pilot test? It seems not. The direct conclusion of the research was that virtual manipulatives encouraged student-oriented erudition. The study assumed that the responses of the 11 teachers were indicative of the affect of the digital manipulatives on children. This is questionable. The background of the teachers is not given. Which type of schools they taught in? What physical manipulatives were the teachers using currently?The teachers were ambivalent as to whether digital manipulatives were better than concrete manipulatives and whether teachers were willing to replace concrete manipulatives entirely with digital manipulatives. The teachers have expressed reservations about their inability to track the progress of the student, ambiguous instructions and lack of feedback. If these concerns are addressed satisfactorily it is doubtful if digital manipulatives will remain student centric. In addition, the paper does not define what it means by student centric.Currently the digital manipulatives that are available on the net offer innovative, interesting and concrete learning opportunities of otherwise nonrepresentational math theories. The end result is that children manage to learn math concepts that were earlier believed to be too advanced for them. These are believed to increase theoretical learning, deeper understanding of dynamic systems, calculation, colloquy and innovation in thinking. The paper presupposes that the use of the new technology alone is sufficient for enhanced learning of complicated theories.This is not supported by evidence. The learning experience is a function of the power of understanding of the student, the effort he puts in to comprehend and his analytical skills. In addition, learning is facilitated by teacher inputs and guidance. Digital manipulatives cannot replace teacher inputs nor can they substitute student aptitude and effort. Attributing learning achievements to a learning pricking is a lopsided opinion inspired by the sales propaganda of digital manipulatives software developers.In sum, the paper eulogizes the benefits of web-based manipulatives for math learning. These manipulatives are claimed to increase childrens understanding of advanced theories and increase the attractiveness of these theories. These web-based manipulatives are say to focus on the learner and make an optimal use of web-based technology for visualizing intangible concepts.References Public Broadcasting Service (2006). PBS Teacher Source Fraction Flags. Retrieved from http//www. pbs. org/teachersource/recommended/math/lk_onlinegames. shtm on August 19, 2006.

Later Greek Legacy Essay Example for Free

Later Greek Legacy EssayAthenian clowning, satyrs and calamity were recorded as one of the earliest theater forms to appear in world. Greek theater and plays had neat impact on western drama and culture. Almost every Greek and roman city which was far-famed in those days had open-air theater, which had neatly arranged seats in tiers looking over the nearby lovely view of landscape. In these theaters, the ancient Greek could sit so as to watch plays of Euripides, Arostophanes, Aeschhylus, Menender and Sophocles. These theatres were essential through God Dionysus ceremonial worship and were naturally communal. Greek comedy flourished much from c. 600 to c. 200 BC as a tradition in the ancient Greek. Athens comedy are claimed to have evolved from several(prenominal) festivals related to cult of the Dionyos who was God of Greek in charge of wine and fertility. Athens comedy was conducted during drunken revelry which was festival conducted annually in honor of Dionysus. The Athen s comedy ridiculed members of the society who were prominent and in like manner mythology. indigenousness myth was basic to imaginary of culture to democracy of the Athens. These comedies narrated about people shared origins for people of diverse statuses and origins.They provided theoretical justification crucial for exclusivity and popular egalitarianism. The comedies were furnishing basis for every one in the society to be common and thus equality between them all. The myth provided a generation model that justified animadversion of all foreigners and all the women from power. Autochthony discourse of Athenians was inextricably tied on sexual facts of life. The comedy as well as was advocated to release slaves from slavery and likewise enfranchise foreigners and other disfranchised people.Pericles proposal claimed that the Athenians had passed honor limiting their citizenship peculiarly people who were born by two Athenians. Menanders comedy also had little insight to th e personal matters of Athenians. This comedy also eschew politics as well as talked about how young Athenians in romance faced obstacles in selecting young women of their choice (Ehrenberg Victor, 1943). Menander comedy depicted on the traditional democratic ideology of the Athenian society and is also against the sexual harassment and mistreatment that women in that society under go.This comedy also advocated for breaking down the internal divisions which was based on economic screenes and status. This comedy also contend role of struggling for politics between the Greek cities and the Hellenistic kingdoms. It also played role in democratic status subversion and reproduction boundaries. The comedy provided stories which could enable Athenians to identify themselves as democratic citizens or else than referring themselves with the political regime in power since the wealth people tend to control the society.Menander comedy countervails the tarradiddle trajectories so as to repro duce and also resist the social civic order. These comedies emphasize on citizenship constabulary may be changed and deploy characteristic of naturalism in the Athenian society. The Menander comedy in frequent politicized on marriage, political silence and the state and also the genre laws. The comedy also advocates for social fracture to remove the marriage obstacles and free the society away from the initial illusions and injustice.The manander comedy plays role of transforming the society from the traditional laws and ideology governing marriages and citizenship and also the elimination of the social evils in the society. The society tolerated and supported this ideology since it was deeply rooted in their minds and they had to support what their fore-fathers considered good for the society. The wealthy person could not afford to free their slaves since it would take to be losing their wealth or fame. The Athenians also wanted to restore the democracy which was put in place b y Demetrius (Taylor Rabun, 1997).The practices and beliefs of the Athenian sustained their identity as citizens of Athenian and more specifically as democratic citizens so they had to continue practicing them. Each individual Athenian was entitled to democracy irrespective of the social and economical class he belonged to and thus the need of maintaining their culture. The Athenians also saw the rule of sexual reproduction as creation important to them since it enabled them to exist and to be at their state.They had belief that the gender and marriage practices in their society enabled them to be democratic and that is why they never accepted intermarriages in their society. The Athenians saw democratic culture and the Athenian law as governing them well. Their traditional ritual cerebrations and events were very much entertaining and supporting their traditional cultures and also were making them to be united and proud of themselves and thus it was very hard to accept to lose thei r cultures (McCarthy Kathleen, 2000).The Athenians also had their own laws which were governing them and they considered these laws as uniting them and thus they never wanted the laws to be interfered with by anyone since it would reckon losing their identity. The Athenians also never wanted their traditions to lose vitality and vigor and thus they supported them. They supported the reproduction belief since they never wanted their society to be mixed up as they saw it could topic splitting of their tradition.In conclusion, the Athenian comedy is fighting for elimination of Athenian traditions and beliefs in the society as well as enlightening Athenians to transform and leave their traditions which seem to be like illusions. Work cited Ehrenberg Victor, 1943, The slew of Aristophanes A Sociology of Old Attic Comedy, B. Blackbell. Taylor Rabun, 1997, Two Pathic Subcultures in Ancient Rome, Journal of Sexuality, Vol. 7. McCarthy Kathleen, 2000, Slaves, Masters, and the Art of Autho rity in Plautine Comedy, Princeton University Press.

Foreign Policy in the US Essay Example for Free

Foreign Policy in the US Essay

Fangirl Essay Example for Free

Fangirl EssayThere are some kinds of love in this universe. Without love, a human universe will not be able to live norm solelyy and there will be something exhaust inside their hearts. This can be love for our God, parents, families, lovers, or maybe besides for our bestfriends. But now on the dot think about this field of study how about love for someone that we have never even met beforehand?Maybe just fangirls who know how it feels, because they are the one who have a non-sense head over heels in love all over the time. What thing that comes in your mind when you hear the word fangirls? Maybe just a bunch of weird girls who are excessively oftentimes obsessed with the artist whom they admire to death. wherefore are they so weird? Because commonly, fangirls ever so have their own world, their own strange hobbies, and their own drive for being so crazy.The things such as plastering their idols face as their re chaffer wallpaper, sticking so m any(prenominal) huge p osters at their rooms, overreacting when their favorite songs from their precious boys are played at the public place, sighing desperately when their hardisk is running out of memory due to a bunch of photos and videos that are too precious to be deleted, and other nonsense actions they just do it naturally and with no other point than their own satisfaction over the idols. They just want to feel close with their boys.Moreover, fangirls even often call them as their husband. See? It seems like fangirls imagination is their last hope. The other thing about fangirl is for most(prenominal) of them, e genuinely superstar thing about their boys always matters. That is why they joined some fanbases that keep modify about their boys current condition all the time. And believe me it means trully literally, starting from what their idols are doing, if there is any newest clip or tv show, attending some events, or even just being uneven at a supermarket without wearing any assimilate up .They keep sharing the information with the other fangirls all over the world. Thats why for these girls, living in social ne twainrking such as twitter and facebook is much more interesting than their own and always-boring-real life. Being a fangirl sometimes can also be very annoying to the people surrounding them. I mean, when their love, or should we call it as an obsession preferably? Yeah, stuff like that goes into an extreme level, obviously people may look at them in an oh-im-so-irritated-by-this-creature way. For example, when two angirls meet each other for the first time, have a little chit chat, and then come across out that they are admiring the same person in a same group, those two will diving event into their own world. Those fangirls will intimately connected and nonstop talking about the newest news from their idols and ignoring the others who keep perfect(a) at them all the times, wondering what they are excitedly talking about. That is the reason why people always ignore the fangirls when they started talking about the topic-that-god-and-them-who-only-know.Now, lets move on some obstacles that might tizzy most of fangirls in this earth. unrivalled of them is that being a fangirl is extremely expensive, since they always have the urge to cut across out their credit cards or spend lots of money to buy every single album, postcard, DVD, photobook, and other merchandise that has their idols face on it. This collecting habit will make their wallet pathetically empty. The most ironic thing about this is, when their idols groups come to their country and hold a big concert with such a high price ticket, the fangirls would separate into two paths.The first, in the case of fangirls who fortunately come from the have family, or maybe already have salary from their job, they will good buy the ticket with no hesitation, watch the concert excitedly, and form a smile that will never leave their face for at least one month later. Such a sweet me mories In the other way, for those who do not have enough money to own the ticket, they will just call out to death all day long, knowing that they will just let their boys come to their country and answer perfectly as always on the stage without witnessing it by themselves. Their sorrowful faces wont dissapear easily for sure.Do you think fangirl is nothing than just a weirdo because theyere crying for something that isnt worth(predicate) it? They do know it by themselves but they just couldnt deny the feeling. Even though their obsession towards the boys sometimes makes no sense, there is still some positive things that can be taken from those fangirls. One of them that is, the faith. They always keep the faith, no matter what mistake that their boys done, they will find the excuse behind it, apologize them, and continue supporting them as always. Thats why the artist wouldnt be exist without their loyal, caring, and supporting fans behind them.

Places in the Heart Essay Example for Free

Places in the Heart EssayThe bring entitled Places in the Heart released in 1984 is a wonderful exact that deals with various conflicts in the order of magnitude. Set during the Great Depression, the term family is defined in a unique trend in the film. The characters were able to depict more about the problems being faced in the stereotypical society full of prejudices and complexities. It was sh have got in a dramatic way that do viewers enticed until the end. Edna Spalding (Sally Field) was left by her recently Husband Sheriff Royce Spalding (Ray Baker) who was murdered accidentally by a drunken manhood. She was left with two children Frank and opossum on their gloomy farm with an almost penniless pocket. She tries to battle against poverty by acquiring the attend to of a blind man Mr Will (John Malkovich) whose sight was victimized by Worl War I. In addition to this she was in any case assisted by a Blackman named Mose (Danny G whopr) who manages to help her plant cotton and assert her family intact. Life is neer easy for the main characters in the film. They tried to battle against poverty which is really rampant during the great depression. The naughty becomes richer and the poor, poorer. In the case of Mrs.Spalding, she is left with all the debts of her husband and the obligation of raising their two kids. During the said era, women ar not accepted to work for their family since gender role is given prior importance. But then, Mrs. Spalding is determined to shit for her family and she was able to do this with the help of or so people. The farm is a precious possession for her since it symbolizes her family and how they tried to immix and save each and every crop planted on it. On the other hand, Mose is a loose Afri eject American man who kept on asking for alms in the racist society.He is incessantly ridiculed by the people around him because of his skin color and race. He ceaselessly longed for company and family love because h e never experienced gaining respect from people in such prejudice society. He is too concern and dreamt of planting on a farm of his own. He met Mrs. Spalding who accepted him as he is regardless of the circumstance that her husband was killed by a Blackman. It is the first time that Mose was accepted as he is and experienced love from a family. In the case of Mr. Will, he was left by his brother Mr. Danby who owns the Spaldings farm mortgage.Upon Mr. Spaldings death, he offered Edna some charitable help granted that he bequeath look over his brother. Edna accepted the blind man in order to give good impression to Mr. Danby and at the same time gain cling to because of her husbands death. The Spaldings was able to battle against their mourning because of the support given by Mr. Will and Mose. Their solidarity made them stronger in veneer each and every trial that they met as they plant cotton in the farm. Mrs. Spalding wanted to always keep her family bonded and their farm in g ood condition.Despite the fact that the Spaldings battle against the odds, Ednas sister Margaret Lomax is also facing her own family problem. She is burdened by the fact that her husband is committing adultery with Viola Kelsey. Their house is set in a depressed area and they have one daughter who is still small. Their only source of income is a small parlor which cannot even sustain their living. An extramarital affair in the film is emphasized as it shows what will happen to a familys economic condition once there is no fidelity in the household.In the case of the Lomaxs, they are trapped in a deep economical downfall because Mr. Lomax is too busy having affair with Viola Kelsey. Infidelity in marriage is always dishonored in the society and it can be compared to a criminal act. The film wanted to imply that faithfulness in marriage should always be maintained. The main plot about the essence of family and its importance in the lives of the Spaldings is magnificently emphasized in the film. On the other hand the subplot dealing with adultery made additional twist in the film.It made viewers tucked in their seats and wait for more surprising events throughout the film. The end of the film is very catchy since it is very idealistic and full of fantasy. The end of the film shows something that is impossible to happen because characters in the film is seen singing in harmony. Husbands and wives who were separated by fate, unfaithfulness and mistrust is seen together. There are also enemies, friends, colleagues and family. To sum it up the main point of the film ended in a way that everyone manages to picture their own places in their hearts, the heart of a true family.

Identification of Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Unknown Bacteria Essay Example for Free

Identification of Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Unknown Bacteria leaven corpulency is a word that everyone is currently familiar with. The media and health professionals have been working tirelessly to hurl the general public aw be of its prevalence and detriments to society. With the staggering statistics of 32.2% prevalence in adults and a range of 13.9% to 18.9% prevalence in children and adolescents, these outstanding numbers stand out for themselves. (1) Increasing rates of obesity are associated with lavishly risk factors for former(a) diseases such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, colon cancer, diverticulitis, cancer of the endometrium, and knocker cancer. (2) Knowing how to combat obesity will lead to decreased complications of the condition as well as a get-goer-rankinger risk factor for other diseases.In light of these significant numbers, our group chose to explore the relationship of dietary type to aid in the preve ntion and treatment of obesity, therefore also simplification the incidence other diseases. Our focus was on making a hot meal with a simplistic modification to increase the dietary persona available. The original recipe is a white rice pilaw with the adjustment being made with a substitution of brown rice. This change will boost the fictitious character intake from 0.8g per serving to 2.6g per serving. The represents a substantial jump in accessibility to a vital go bad of our diet. We expect favorable results in the acceptance of our modification. The texture is a bit hardier, cooking time is longer, and salute is slightly higher, but we believe the benefits outweigh these variables. The RDA recommends between 25g-30g a day, but the average American receives just now 12g-13g per day.(3) With this easy alteration, we hope to increase these low numbers that the average American receives up to the recommended levels. PurposeThe spirit of our research employment is to substit ute brown rice for white rice in a pilau. This pilaf can be eaten for lunch or dinner as a hot side disk or main dish. It is intended to introduce a serving of a whole grain in the diet and with it bring an increase dietary fiber. Literature ReviewIntroduction The frequent occurrence of this disease, as mentioned above, has produced many scientific research studies concentrating on remedying and reversing the trend. Finding and interpreting the results was uncomplicated. I theatrical roled the online databases Google Scholar, Medline, and Cinhal to gather my data. My keywords include obesity and dietary fiber. I assembled strong studies that encompassed sample sizes ranging from 11-74,091 participants, with timelines up to twelve years, and accommodating populations in the coupled States, Spain, Finland, Brazil, Italy, Greece, the former Yugoslavia, Japan, Serbia, Belgrade, and The Netherlands. These studies centered on three different aspects of the relationship between dietary fiber and cargo. These are expanded upon below. A synopsis of the reviewed studies can be found in Appendix 1.Correlations of the Development of Obesity Seven out of the ten studies compared the connection between dietary fiber intake and the maturement or current status of obesity. (2, 4-9) All studies included self reported questionnaires to collect sociodemographic, health history, physical activity, anthropometric, bowel movements, and dietary data. The most common dietary form used was the Food Frequency Questionnaire, with six complying. (2, 4-5, 7-9) The die hard pick up utilized twenty-four hour recalls. (6) Other measurements included height, weight down, and subscapular skinfold thickness.The entire body of findings revealed that higher fiber intake was inversely related to long term weight gain and increased body fat. inform measures were diverse but included the same positive trend. Higher fiber intake equated to an average weight of 1.52kg less, a 48-49% lower risk of weight gain, and a BMI that was 1.5 less when compared to low fiber intake. Some studies investigated other variables in profit to increasing fiber. One study addressed physical activity in addition to increased fiber as a therapy. (5) This study along with another explored the incorporation of a low fat diet along with the high fiber diet. In both, dietary fat was not at one time associated with reduction of body fat or obesity but showed a compounding result when agree with higher fiber. A lower BMI difference of 2.75 was formal on a low fat and high fiber diet. (6)Development of Diseases related to Obesity Two studies were taken on to look into the increased use of fiber to decrease the risk of obesity leading to Type 2 diabetes. (10, 11) In a deep cohort with a sample size just under 36,000, self reported dietary and weight figures were collected. (10) After six years of follow up, the statistics were analyzed and the results showed a 22% lower risk of the developme nt of diabetes from the highest quintile of dietary fiber intake. These optimistic results were in consensus with the other study. This study had more stringent controls and divided participants into dickens groups. (11) One received standard care and the other received intensive exercise and dietary counseling. vocal glucose tolerance tests and body composition measurements were calculated. After a four year follow up, the high fiber group gained 75% less than their low fiber counterparts, 0.7kg gain versus 3.1kg gain, respectively.Treatment of Obesity The last study out of the ten engaged the most scientific disciplines. (12) The sample was already obese. They participated in controlled feeding in a metabolic kitchen. The cross over design allowed for six weeks on either a low or high fiber diet with a six week washout period in between them. Daily logs were kept and an OGTT and Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp was used every two weeks for measuring results. At the conclusion, self-control insulin was 10% lower, the AUC was lowered, and the rate of glucose infusion was higher after the higher fiber diet.Limitations All of the studies employed self reporting figures in several(prenominal) form, whether the basis of all of their selective information or for at least some part. This may lead to underreporting, overreporting, or misinterpretation. The definition of a whole-grain or high fiber food change among studies. Recipe and ingredient databases or non-comprehensive food frequency questionnaires may aid in inaccurate recordings of intake. Although the study utilizing the metabolic kitchen was the best scientific representation among the studies it is worth mentioning that it was sponsored and funded by the General Mills Corporation. This could lead to a possible conflict of interest and hence a limitation to the studies findings.Conclusion The complete compilation of studies supports the finding of our recipe modification. Each emphasized the import ance of replacing low fiber foods with fiber rich foods to armed service prevent or reduce weight gain. The significant correlation between fiber and obesity has been established in this review. The protective role of fiber, along with physical activity and dietary fat, should be included in advice and management therapies tailored to this condition and other related to it. Materials and MethodsFor our subjective evaluation we designed three fall apart score cards demographic, evaluation, and preference. Samples of the score cards can be found in Appendix 2. Sociodemographic For the demographic background we included questions regarding age range, household income range, ethnicity, and educations. We also included six questions probing background information on exposure and open-mindedness of our products.

Connected battery to ammeter Essay Example for Free

Connected barrage to ammeter EssayThe aim of this investigation is to find out the descent between ohmic resistance and conductive putty, and to see how length of putty affects this relationship. The Experiment Conductive putty is curiously designed to be a conductor this is achieved by adding carbon black. This can comfortably be apply to prove the concept of resistivity because it is malleable and so the cross-sectional bea, length and shape can easily be changed. This experiment provide show the effects on resistance in a circuit, as the length of putty decreases. I will be using 30cm of putty, and decreasing it by 5cm each time. kickoff the voltage of the battery will be taken using a voltmeter, and this will be enter at the start of the experiment. Then a circuit will be constructed containing the battery, the ammeter and putty. See diagram. For each various length of putty, a reading will be recorded from the ammeter and when the practical has been completed, I w ill wreak out the resistance using the formula R=VI. From those results I will draw a interpret and then evaluate and conclude my experiment. Diagram Constants My constants include the weight of my putty I am handout to start each experiment with 50g of putty.I will also sustain the same heaviness of putty throughout my experiment, and the same battery will be used constantly. Variables Possible variables in this experiment are temperature, voltage, cross-sectional area, mass, surface area and length. My variable is going to be the length of my putty, which will decrease by 5cm each time. I am going to start each experiment, using 30cm of putty. Fair Test To check into my results are as accurate as possible, I will open sure my experiment is a unclouded test. For this, there should only be one variable.Other procedures can ensure it is a fair test, such as accurately measuring the putty to make sure it is decreased by 5cm on the button every time. The same battery should be used throughout the experiment and to guarantee no results are anomalous, the experiment will be conducted three times and a mean average will be taken from each result. Prediction and Hypothesis I predict that the resistance will be at present proportional to the length of the conductor so that if the length is doubled, the resistance will double providing all another(prenominal) factors remain constant.My hypothesis for this is that conductors have lower resistance when they are shorter because the electrons have a shorter distance to survive so more energy is conserved since there are fewer collisions, and the current is higher. In the prolonged lengths, as free electrons move from atom to atom some energy given off to heat. The long a conductor is, the more energy is lost to heat. The additional energy loss subtracts from the energy beingness transferred through the conductor, resulting in a decrease in current flow and an increase in resistance SafetyThe conductive putty is a harmless, non toxic and non-staining, however if gloves are not worn, your hands choke black and you will need to wash them. A lab coat should be worn to defame marks on clothes and the experiment is conducted on a tray to reduce the possibility of a mussy workspace. Apparatus list 50g of conductive putty 2 coins Tray to work on Knife Ammeter Ruler Voltmeter Wires Crocodile clips Gloves method Put on gloves and rolled putty into 30cm long piece on the tray, trying to keep the thickness consist ant. Used voltmeter recorded the voltage of the battery. Connected battery to ammeter, and connected ammeter and other terminal of battery to putty by putting crocodile clips on the ends of the wires, clipping them to coins and placing coins at either end of the putty, this was done to make a reliable connection. See circuit diagram. Recorded reading from ammeter. Measured 5cm of putty with ruler and mow with knife. Re-attached putty to circuit. Repeated process, dedu cting 5cm from puttys length each time, recording the reading from the ammeter. Repeated experiment three times, which will enable me to spot anomalous results.

Indian Creation Stories Essay Example for Free

Indian Creation Stories EssayAfter reading the Iroquois and Pima foundation garment myths in the book, I have been very intrigued by the Native American beliefs of the pre displaceation of the reality. It seems that nearly every tribe has a different belief of how it happened, though some are very similar. The Huron tribe, originally from the St. Lawrence Valley, have a very similar belief of creation as the Iroquois, where the Cherokee tribe had a totally different view than the Pima. The Iroquois and the Huron myths are both in the Earth-Diver category. In this type of myth, animals swim deep to the bottom of the water and bring up dirt in their mouth, forming the cosmos. average like the Iroquois, in the Huron myth, a divine charwoman falls out the sky and is swept up just before hitting water by a hawk. The hawk then calls down in the water for help, for she is too heavy for it to hold by itself. First, a turtle comes out the sea for her to posture on, and then he instr ucts other animals such as ducks, beavers, and even a muskrat. After the earth is built, the woman gives birth to twins, barely soon dies after giving birth to her two sons. The sons in both myths diddle mature and detestation on earth. They were to prepare the earth so that humans could live on it, but they found out that they could not live together.So, they separated, with each one taking their own portion of the earth to prepare. Once older, the good son creates a sun and moon out of the remains of its mothers body. It continues to create the world, forming vegetation and other useful tools to help humans survive. Meanwhile, the evil brother made repulsive animals, violent and disturbing. He made wolves, bears, venomous snakes, and panthers of giant size. He made massive mosquitos, the size of nonsensical turkeys, and he made an enormous toad, it drank up the fresh water that was on the earth.The good brother then had to kill the toad to bring water back to the land. In th e end, the good brother defeated the evil brother in a fight, sending the evil brothers soul to the center of the earth. Pima creation myth is similar to the Iroquois and Huron myths in that there are both animals that help build the earth, except in the Pima myth, they are land animals instead of sea animals. Also, there are two main characters that represent good and evil. The Cherokee creation myth starts as the world macrocosm completely covered in water and earth merely being an island floating bove the seas suspended by four rawhide ropes.There were no people, and the animals lived above the rainbow. The animals sent the water beetle under the seas to search for more room, and it brought up mud that spread quickly, turning into land. Although at first the land was to soft and flat, Godfather buzzard went to check on the land and the wind from his wings created mountains and valleys, gum olibanum why the Cherokee territory has many mountains. As the new ground stiffened, the pulled the sun from behind the rainbow and raised it higher(prenominal) in the sky.The next thing created was the plants, and view animals were given the privilege to see at night. People were created last, with the women being able to have babies every seven days, the Creator feared that the world would soon become crowed and made it so women could only have one child a year. The Native American creation stories of the Iroquois and Huron are near identical where the Pima and Cherokee are completely opposite of each other. This goes to show just how different the beliefs of different Indian tribes are, and how this holds true to how there are different beliefs across the United States still today.

School System Essay Example for Free

School System EssayI. IntroductionIn this chapter, the re hunt clubers would like to propose an automated bearing trunk in AMA calculator Learning sharpen (ACLC) College of Gapan City, Nueva Ecija. In our generation so many things ar different. The advent of technology has motleyd the way we live, work and spends leisure time. Computer was considered the lifeblood of society they are everywhere. And the advancement in discoveries, both in hardware and software, keep coming, day in and day out.Technology changes and remediates at a rapid pace and companies and institutions have cope with it. This is because as the latishst k at a timeledge of exploitation in computer technology grows plentys standard increase. They seek and famish for better and much efficient ways to accomplish tedious task. The group of Companies was built upon the dream of the late Amable M. Aguiluz Sr. (AMA), Auditor General and National Treasurer during the term of President Diosdado Macapagal, to build an institution that would yield world-class education to Filipino y0uth.That dream bore fruit on October 20, 1980 when his son Dr. Amable R. Aguiluz V. (ARA), established the AMA pioneer of Computer Studies and blazed the trail for popular computer education in the country. Origin in ally situated along launch Boulevard, the pioneering school offered EDP Fundamentals, Basic Programming and Technology Career courses. In June 1981, AMA Computer College (AMACC) was launched offering a four-year degree course in BS Computer Science the first to be offered in the country. From lonesome(prenominal) 13 students, the commonwealth of AMACC surged to 600 in 1983 and to 1985.To meet the growing demand for computer courses, AMACC established its first campus in Makati in 1983. A second campus followed in 1986 in project 8, Quezon City. In 1987, AMA Computer Learning Center (ACLC) was established to offer short courses in computer curriculumming and two-year technical vocational courses. Today, at that place are today more than 100 learning centers nationwide. In the alike year, AMA Basic nurture was organise to offer courses elementary, high school and eventually pre-school education. Now agnizen as the St. Augustine International School, its branches are located in Metro Manila, Laguna, Cebu, and Davao. In 1996, AMA set up the AMA Telecommunications and Electronics Learning Center (AMATEL) the countrys first-ever telecommunications school. It is now called AMA International Institute of Technology (AIIT).In 1998, ABE International Business was established to offer courses in Hotel and eating place Management (HRM), Business Administration and computer-related courses. Today, ABE has several branches nationwide. ABE is an international school affiliated with ABE in the United Kingdom. It offers non just local, but similarly international diploma and international practicum program. The AMA school network also expand overseas with branches in Los Angeles, California Manama Bahrain Bangladesh China and Hong Kong. In 2000, AMAES launched its most ambitious expansion program with no less than 14 branches being set up nationwide.To help it graduates find oneselfs employment, AMA established in the same year its own manpower placement agency called INFOTECH Professional Services Inc. The year 2002 saw AMA expanding into nautical education, medicine, nursing, care-giving and allied health courses. Now, the Norwegian maritime Academy (NMA), the AMA school of Medicine (ASM), and the St. Augustine School of Nursing (SASN) are making a mark in their respective fields with IT-based curricula. AMA Education System (AMAES) the umbella for AMA schools, currently boasts of more than 200 branches nationwide and in key foreign cities.It has proudly produced more than 150,000 professionals who have been gainfully employ locally and overseas. On August 20, 2002, AMA was granted University status by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) a well-earned tribute to the first ISO-certificated computer educational Institution in the Philippines. Founding Chairman Dr. Amable R. Aguiluz V was installed as the first AMA University president.The bang clay through and throughout the school has relied on pens and papers. The information of the students with regards to their billings, school fees, communicate additional expenses, and other expenses within the year are done computing using pens and papers, they have a computer to encode the billing information, using the V-Look UP and Microsoft Office Excel 2007.Due to manual of arms usage, they notice that certain problems cannot be avoided like data redundancies, missing records of the students. Furthermore, some could not be able to handgrip the massive volume of the students. Under the old manual billing scenarios, getting rid of paper improves efficiency, reduces world errors and allow information to flow to their body without a time consuming data foreplay pro cess. And also a higher student turnaround as enrollees exit be saved faster.And as the population of ACLC continues to grow, many difficulties in handling their billing in a manual process and one of the termination in this problem is to make their manual billing into a computerized system. With this, the proponent of this research sought to find the way to facilitate all the students billing records an automated billing system to replace the manual operations. The developer wants to improve particularly to meet the needs of ACLC, also through this system, billing information is easily obtained hence, school tends to deposit less in manual operations.II. Statement of the ProblemsThe proponents would like to develop the ACLC to address the following problems of their school in terms of their billing system.1. How the proposed readjustment system will help the school? 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the current manual enrollment to the proposed enrollment system? 3. How the proposed system helps the daily operations of the school? 4. How can ACLC come up to the solution that may possibly solve their manual enrollment process? 5. Who are those beneficiaries of the proposed billing system? 6. What are the difference in using the current and the proposed system?III. Objectives of the StudyCreating a computerized enrollment system of ACLC is the main objective of the study. The following are the specific goals 1. To develop the system that will minimize the bear upon time in accessing records, and calculating fees of students. 2. To provide a proper computer-based database for ACLC. 3. To build a user-friendly system that produces accurate and error-free data results. 4. To monitor the integration of the different operations, which includes billing data, database system, and payments, it is a need for computerization. 5. To secure all the billings, payments, fees of the students. 6. To lighten the load of the staff in accessing records. 7. To i mprove their billing system.IV. Scope and DelimitationThe study covers the billing process in ACLC (AMA Computer Learning System). The centered on means of speeding up the billing report, computation of transactions of billing. This study will be a great help in converting the manual system to computerized system for great speed retrieval. The system developed in such way that the fraternity will be able to obtain the following Maintain the complete files in computerized form, prepare billing report in an easiest way, updates record time to time. The proposed system has the limitations, does not include time to time impression of transactions and does not retrieve data if have power interruption.V. Significance of the Study In the development of the study, the main goal of the developer is to develop a program that could be beneficial to as many people as possible. The computerized billing system is developed to provide constructive significance to the followingThe Registrar lear ner registration or enrolling will going to be much easier because of the proposed system, saving student files and adding subjects is convenient and faster.The shatter To make their work easy and also they could handle all the billings of the students without time consuming data input process and can make the computation of every transaction in the easiest way.The Proponents the development of the system challenges the program skills of the researchers whereby searching for a new programming platform to make the common and simple program through a more sophisticated and advance approach. Students they will accommodate in a short layover of time during setting up their bill immediately.Management of the School it helps to organize and supervise its company especially the students who give fund to operate the school properly in the process of giving correct billing. Parents it helps them to know the total bill and load that their sons or daughters have for the whole semester and they are enrolledVI. Hypothesis of the StudyThe researchers will provide some predictions about the proposed billing system1. The proposed enrollment system will upgrade its manual enrollment process into an automated enrollment system. 2. It will lessen the works of the staff/ personnel through the help of proposed billing system. 3. The proposed system helps in minimizing the time and efforts and gives a convenient, more accurate, reliable, and there would be a consistent operations and procedures. 4. Through the help of proposed system, it will decrease the data handling errors of the students in their billings and information. 5. The proposed enrollment system could be the answer to the problems of the school in processing their billings. 6. The proposed enrollment system can change the current data management more efficient, secured, save more space for the office, handle or search student information easier and lessen data reiteration.

Objectives of the Firm Essay Example for Free

Objectives of the self-coloured EssayThe standard frugal assumption underlying the abbreviation of degradeds is earn maximization. Real world starchys, however, faculty not, and many beats do not, make decisions based on the remuneration-maximization objective, or at least unaccompanied on the simoleons-maximization objective. Other objectives include (1) gross revenue maximization, (2) hunting of individual(prenominal) welfare, and (3) pursuit of social welfare. Although hards are imitation to make decisions that increase profit in standard sparing analysis, real world firms a good deal charter other objectives on a day-to-day ground.Some firms set their sights on maximise gross revenue. For other firms the owners or employees are inclined to enhance personal living standards. And more than a few firms take go that encourage the general welfare of society. In some cases, these other objectives help a firm copy profit maximization. In other cases, they p revent a firm from maximizing profit. reach maximisation Profit maximization is the process of obtaining the highest possible train of profit through the intersection and sale of goods and services.This is the guiding teaching underlying the analysis of short-run production by a firm. In special, economic analysis is fancied that firms undertake coiffureions and make the decisions that increase profit. Profit is the difference between the total taxation a firm receives from selling output and the total cost of producing that output. Profit-maximization means that a firm seeks the production level that generates the sterling(prenominal) difference between total revenue and total cost. Consider how profit maximization strength take a shit for The goofy Willy Company.Suppose that The soft Willy Company generates $100,000 of profit by producing 100,000 Stuffed Amigos, the difference between $1,000,000 of revenue and $900,000 of cost. * If profit locomote from this $100,000 level when The Wacky Willy Company wins more (100,001) or less (99,999) Stuffed Amigos, then(prenominal) it is maximizing profit at 100,000. Alternatively, if profit can be increased by producing more or less, then The Wacky Willy Company is NOT maximizing profit at the current level of production. Suppose, for example, that producing 100,001 Stuffed Amigos adds an extra $11 to revenue entirely only $9 to cost.In this case, profit can be increased by $2, stretching $100,002, by producing one more Stuffed Amigo. As such 100,000 is NOT the profit maximizing level of production. * In contrast, suppose that producing 99,999 Stuffed Amigos slashs cost by $11 but only reduces revenue by only $9. In this case, profit can also be increased by $2, reaching $100,002, by producing one fewer Stuffed Amigo. As such 100,000 is NOT the profit maximizing level of production.Sales Maximization A reasonable, and often chased objective of firms is to maximise sales, that is, to sell as much o utput as possible. Clearly sales lead to revenue, meaning that maximizing sales is also bound to maximize revenue. But as the analysis of short-run production indicates, maximizing sales does NOT necessarily maximize profit. So why do firms do it? Are firms unreasonable? Are they ir sagacious? Do they NOT understand the basic economic principles of short-run production? For some firms, the answers to these questions could be yes.But for other firms, sales maximization is actually a reasonable, even better, alternative to profit maximization. Consider, the day-to-day production of Wacky Willy Stuffed Amigos. Suppose the President of The Wacky Willy Company, William J. Wackowski, issues a corporate directive to sell as many Stuffed Amigos as possible, to maximize sales. Is Willy Wackowski wacky? It might be that Mr. Wackowski has no knowledge of basic economic principles. Alternatively Wacky William might encounter more work sense than it appears.In particular, if the price received from selling Stuffed Amigos is greater than the cost of producing each one, and looks to remain that room regardless of the standard turnd, then a reasonable close is to maximize sales. If sales are greater, then so too is profit. Wacky Willy does NOT maximize profit under these circumstances. That is, it does not pay back the quantity that achieves the highest possible profit. However, with each Stuffed Amigo produced, profit increases. In fact, Wacky Willy might not KNOW the profit-maximizing production level.All it knows is that selling more Stuffed Amigos, increases profit. While sales maximization can serve as a means of pursing profit maximization, it can also prevent a firm from maximizing profit. The reason, of course, is that if sales last so large that the cost of production increases such that marginal cost exceeds marginal revenue, the maximizing sales does not maximize profit. Pursuit of Personal Welfare The slew who make decisions for a business are, in fact, p eople. They have likes and dislikes. They have personal goals and aspirations just like people who do not make decisions for firms.On occasion these people use the firm to pursue their own personal welfare. When they do, their actions could enhance the firms profit maximization or, in many cases, prevent profit maximization. How about a few examples? Once again, consider William J. Wackowski, the prexy of The Wacky Willy Company. Perhaps Willy enjoys the finer things in lifea large house, fancy cars, and expensive vacationswhich require a powerful income. As the primary stockholder of The Wacky Willy Company, when the business maximizes profit, then William J. Wackowski benefits with more income.In this case, the pursuit of personal welfare coincides with profit maximization. Alternatively, suppose that the Mr. Wackowski hates the color empurple. He simply refuse to produce ANY purple Stuffed Amigos. However, securities industry studies clearly indicate that buyers want purple S tuffed Amigos. Moreover, the purple fabric that would be used to produce purple Stuffed Amigos is significantly less expensive than other colors. Mr. Willy clearly is wacky in this case. His purple-phobia prevents profit maximization. William the Wackster might also decide to enhance his corporate lifestyle at the expense of corporate profit.He could, for example, fall out himself a bigger, more luxurious (but unneeded) office, a higher (but unneeded) salary, a beau monde jet (also unneeded), season tickets to dark Valley Primadonnas baseball team (clearly unneeded) and other (unneeded) amenities that are NOT needed to profitably produce Stuffed Amigos. These improve Williams personal welfare, but at the expense of corporate profit. Pursuit of Social Welfare The people who make decisions for firms also have social consciences. Part of their likes and dislikes might be related to the overall relegate of society.As such, they might use the firm to pursue social welfare, which coul d enhance or prevent the firms profit maximization. How might William J. Wackowskis pursuit of social welfare enhance or prevent profit maximization of The Wacky Willy Company? Suppose that William wants a cleaner environment. As such, he might implement more dear(p) environmentally friendly production techniques and materials. He does his part to clean the environment, but at the expense of company profit. Then again, Mr. Wackowski might feel that government environmental quality regulations restrict capital investment and economic growth.As such, William might have The Wacky Willy Company use part of its advertising budget to promote this view point. He might even use company revenue to set up the Wackowski prat for Policy Studies that is both a scientific think tank and a special interest lobbying memorial tablet with the goal of reducing environmental quality regulations. While the pursuit of social welfare is likely to reduce company profit, it could have the opposite effect as well. Such activities could give The Wacky Willy Company a likeable public cypher that motivates people to buy more Stuffed Amigos than they would otherwise.In fact, some firms use the pursuit of social welfare as one aspect of their overall advertising efforts. They enhance their public image at the same time they do something good for society. Natural Selection Whichever objective a firm pursues on a day-to-day basis, the notion of indispensable selection suggests that successful firms intentionally or circumstantially maximize profit. That is, the firms best suited to the economic environment, and thus generate the most profit, are the ones that tend to survive.The natural selection of business firms is an adaptation of the biological process of natural selection, in which biological entities best suited to the natural environment are the ones that survive. The concept of economic natural selection means that those firms that generate the greatest profit are the ones that avoid bankruptcy and survive to produce another day. While firms might pursue sales maximization, personal welfare, or social welfare, only those firms that also maximize profit remain in business. 2) The following is from chapter one in the text Financial Management and Policy, by James C.Van Horne, procure 1974 by Prentice-Hall. It is classic finance. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE FIRM In this course, we assume that the objective of the firm is to maximize its rate to its shareholders. Value is represented by the commercialize price of the companys common stock, which, in turn, is a reflection of the firms investment, financing, and dividend decisions. Profit Maximization vs. Wealth Maximization Frequently, maximization of profits is regarded as the proper objective of the firm, but it is not as inclusive a goal as that of maximizing shareholder wealthiness.For one thing, total profits are not as serious as gain per share. A firm could always raise total profits by issuing stock and employ the proceeds to invest in Treasury bills. Even maximization of earnings per share, however, is not a full appropriate objective, partly because it does not specify the timing or duration of expected returns. Is the investment brook that give produce $100,000 return 5 years from now more valuable than the get wind that will produce annual returns of $15,000 in each of the next 5 years?An answer to this question depends upon the time value of money to the firm and to investors at the margin. Few existing stockholders would think favorably of a project that promised its first return in 100 years. We must take into account the time pattern of returns in our analysis. Another shortcoming of the objective of maximizing earnings per share is that it does not consider the risk or uncertainty of the prospective earnings stream. Some investment projects are far more risky than others. As a result, the prospective stream of earnings per share would be more uncertain if these proje cts were undertaken.In addition, a company will be more or less risky depending upon the amount of debt in coincidence to equity in its capital structure. This risk is known as financial risk and it, too, contributes to the uncertainty of the prospective stream of earnings per share. Two companies whitethorn have the same expected future earnings per share, but if the earnings stream of one is subject to considerably more uncertainty than the earnings stream of the other, the market price per share of its stock may be less. For the reasons above, an objective of maximizing earnings per share may not be the same as maximizing market price per share.The market price of a firms stock represents the focal judgment of all market participants as to what the value is of the particular firm. It takes into account present and prospective future earnings per share, the timing, duration, and risk of these earnings, and any other factors that bear upon the market price of stock. The market pr ice serves as a performance index or report bill poster of the firms progress it indicates how well circumspection is doing in behalf of its stockholders. Management vs. Stockholders In certain situations the objectives of focus may differ from those of the firms stockholders.In a large corporation whose stock is widely held, stockholders exert rattling little control or influence over the operations of the company. When the control of a company is crystalize from its ownership, management may not always act in the best interests of the stockholders Agency Theory. Managers sometimes are give tongue to to be satisficers rather than maximizers they may be content to play it safe and seek an acceptable level of growth, being more concerned with perpetuating their own existence than with maximizing the value of the firm to its shareholders.The most important goal to a management teamof this sort may be its own survival. As a result, it may be unwilling to take reasonable risks for fear of making a mistake, thereby becoming apparent to the outside suppliers of capital. In turn, these suppliers may pose a threat to managements survival. It is true that in order to survive over the long run, management may have to behave in a manner that is reasonably consistent with maximizing shareholder wealth. Nevertheless, the goals of the two parties do not necessarily have to be the same. Maximization of shareholder wealth, then, is an appropriate guide for how a firm should act.When management does not act in a manner consistent with this objective, we must recognize this as a constraint and model the opportunity cost. This cost is measurable only if we determine what the outcome would have been had the firm attempted to maximize shareholder wealth. A Normative Goal Because the principal of maximization of shareholder wealth provides a rational guide for running a business and for the efficient tryst of resources in society, we use it as our anticipate objective in considering how financial decisions should be made.The purpose of capital markets is to efficiently allocate savings in an economy from ultimate savers to ultimate users of pecuniary resource who invest in real assets. If savings are to be channeled to the most promise investment opportunities, a rational economic criteria must exist that governs their flow. By and large, the allocation of savings in an economy occurs on the basis of expected return and risk. The market value of a firms stock embodies both of these factors. It therefore reflects the markets tradeoff between risk and return.If decisions are made in keeping with the likely effect upon the market value of its stock, a firm will attract capital only when its investment opportunities justify the use of that capital in the overall economy. Put another way, the equilibration process by which savings are allocated in an economy occurs on the basis of expected return and risk. Holding risk constant, those economic units (b usiness firms, households, financial institutions, or governments) willing to pay the highest pay are the ones entitled to the use of funds.If rationality prevails, the economic units bidding the highest yields will be the ones with the most promising investment opportunities. As a result, savings will tend to be allocated to the most efficient users. Maximization of shareholder wealth then embodies the risk-return tradeoff of the market and is the focal point by which funds should be allocated within and among business firms. Any other objective is likely to result in the suboptimal allocation of funds and therefore lead to less than optimal level of economic want satisfaction. This is not to say that management should ignore the question of social responsibility.As related to business firms, social responsibility concerns such things as protecting the consumer, paying fair wages to employees, maintaining fair hiring practices, supporting education, and becoming actively involved in environmental issues like clean air and water. Many people feel that a firm has no choice but to act in socially responsible ways they argue that shareholder wealth and, perhaps, the corporations vary existence depends upon its being socially responsible. However, the criteria for social responsibility are not clearly defined, making formulation of a consistent objective function difficult.Moreover, social responsibility creates certain problems for the firm. One is that it falls unevenly on different corporations. Another is that it sometimes conflicts with the objective of wealth maximization. Certain social actions, from a long-range point of view, unmistakably are in the best interests of stockholders, and there is little question that they should be undertaken. Other actions are less clear, and to engage in them may result in a line of profits and in shareholder wealth in the long run. From the standpoint of society, this decline may produce a conflict.What is gained in hav ing a socially desirable goal achieved may be offset in whole or part by an accompanying less efficient allocation of resources in society. The last mentioned will result in a less than optimal growth of the economy and a impose total level of economic want satisfaction. In an era of unfilled wants and scarcity, the allocation process is passing important. Many people feel that management should not be called upon to resolve the conflict posed above. Rather, society, with its openhanded general perspective, should make the decisions necessary in this area.Only society, acting through Congress and other typical governmental bodies, can judge the relative tradeoff between the achievement of a social goal and the sacrifice in the efficiency of apportioning resources that may accompany realization of the goal. With these decisions made, corporations can engage in wealth maximization and thereby efficiently allocate resources, subject, of course, to certain governmental constraints. Under such a system, corporations can be viewed as producing both private and social goods, and the maximization of shareholder wealth mud a viable corporate objective.